Pressure problems in diving and how to execute a dive?

Individuals differ widely in their tolerance of pressure on head, ears and sinuses. Anyone who may be sensitive to pressure should first try shallow dives to establish his tolerance level; and those with high sensitivity to pressure should not dive. Some people may be able to correct this condition by learning compensation breath control without actually blowing out. The use of earplugs, noseclips, etc. as “crutches” should be discouraged.

The possibility of accident may seem rather remote to the beginning diver. However, it is most important that proper diving habits be established from the start in takeoff, balance, control in the air, entry and hitting bottom. As the diver continues, he dives with more height and cleaner entries and hits both surface and bottom with greater force, making proper techniques a must for his personal safety.

Execution of Dives

In competition, dives are judged on the following principles, which are taken from the regulations of the Amateur Athletic Union:

The approach to the starting position is not taken into consideration; the starting position must be free and unaffected. The starting position in standing dives is assumed when the diver stands on the front end of the board, straight, head erect, feet together, arms up and stretched straight forward level with and the width of the shoulders apart, the fingers together. The forward approach must be smooth, straight and forceful, and must comprise not less than three steps before the hurdle. The “hurdle” is the jump to the end of the board following the last step of the run when both feet must contact the end of the board simultaneously.

The take-off should be forceful, reasonably confident, and should proceed without undue delay. In running dives, the take-off from the springboard must be from both feet simultaneously immediately following the hurdle. A diver is entitled to his own method of arm swing on back take-offs, but must not lift his feet from the board before the take-off. When executing a backward dive, a diver must not bounce on the board or rock the board excessively before the take-off.

During the passage through the air, the body can be carried “straight,” with a “pike,” or with “tuck.”

In the first case, the body must not be bent either at the knees or at the hips, the arms must be straight, the feet together and toes pointed.

With the pike, the body is bent at the hips, but the legs must be kept straight at the knees, toes pointed. The pike should be as compact as possible.

In the tuck, the whole body is bunched up with knees together, toes pointed. The tuck should be as compact as possible.

The position of the arms is at the choice of the diver, except in the case of the plain header forward (front dive), where the arms must be stretched out sideways in line with the shoulders during the flight through the air.

In dives with twists, the twisting must not be done directly from the board. In all pike dives with twists, the twist must not be started until there has been a marked pike position.

In somersaults with tuck (other than flying somersaults) the turn must commence as soon as the diver leaves the board, but in flying somersault dives there must be a well-defined header for approximately half a somersault, with the somersault made as rapidly as possible.

In the reverse dive half twist and somersault, and reverse dive half twist and one and a half somersault, the twisting may begin immediately after leaving the board, but the somersaults may not begin until the twist in the layout position has been completed. This rule also applies to the back one an a half somersault one and a half twist.

Entry into the water must in all cases be vertical or nearly so, with the body straight, toes pointed. All headfirst entries must be performed with the arms stretched. In all feetfirst entries the arms should be close to the body, with no bending at the elbows.

Keywords: Sports, Water Sports, Skiing, Skin Diving, Scuba Diving, Kayak Surfing, Swimming

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