The use of the Face Mask, Snorkel, and Swim Fins

The primary purpose of the face mask is to provide clear vision. Without the face mask, distortion would be caused by pressure of water against the eyes. The mask should cover the eyes and nose, never the mouth. While there are many types on the market, the mask should be chosen carefully, with the following points in mind:

The faceplate or window should be of nonshatterable glass. While some masks have plastic windows, these are easily scratched and broken and have a tendency to fog up more quickly than glass. The glass window should be set in a rubber channel with a metal tightening band for secure waterproofing. The mask should be fitted with an adjustable strap, but it should not have to be drawn too tightly ta provide a watertight fit. The mask should fit the contours of the face. Slight leaks around the edge can usually be remedied by sandpapering to provide a snugger fit. A soft rubber mask is generally preferable to one of plastic or hard rubber since it adjusts more easily to facial contours and provides a better seal. The use of goggles as a substitute for the face mask has been found hazardous. They may interfere with the equalization of air pressure; also injury to eye tissue may result, since underwater pressure may squeeze the eyes.

Use of the Face Mask

The proper way to enter water with a mask is feetfirst. A headfirst dive into water with a mask in position over the nose and eyes may force the mask down over the mouth and nose. This can cause a strong suction on surfacing, which the swimmer may be unable to break without help. The suggested method of entering the water is to hold the mask in hand, enter the water, then put the mask in place while treading water.

First, however, the beginner should practice adjusting the mask on dry land. By pressing the mask tightly against the face and breathing in through the nose, you establish suetion which holds the mask in place. By exhaling into the mask, you help equalize the pressure as you descend into the water. First practice in wearing the mask should be in water about hip deep with face above and then below the water. The inside of the mask window will have a tendency to fog. Perhaps the most practical way of antifogging it is by moistening the inside, then rubbing it with saliva. There are also a number of antifogging cloths available which may work, and some divers use glycerine or other chemicals, or retain a small amount of water in the mask to rinse it.

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